- Metallurgy & Mineral Processing
- Mine-to-mill optimisation: effect of feed size on mill throughput
- The building blocks for plant design
- Froth flotation circuit design and basic testwork requirements
- Testwork at Dominga IOCG project, Chile
- Metallurgical testwork from scoping to feasibility study level
- Determining gold balance in refractory gold ores
- Philex Silangan – the effects of copper mineralogy
- Grinding circuit design principles
- Processing copper-porphyritic ore
- Designing gold project flowsheets
- How process optimisation can improve the bottom line
- Geometallurgy: increasing orebody value
- Plant benchmarking: an opportunity for sustained efficiency
- In situ leaching or in situ recovery
- Leach circuit design principles
- Yellowknife gold project
- Cyanide destruction
- Exploration Geology
- Exploration for mineral deposits – global trends
- Indonesia – exploration on the cusp of development
- Structural geology collaboration results in new find for Sumitomo
- Providing expert advice to the Canahuire project in southern Peru
- Ground based geophysics
- Rapid assessment of structural geometries for brownfield targeting, Burkina Faso
- Target generation and grassroots exploration in Mauritania
- Evolution of SRK ES
- Applying conceptual geometrical models in evaluating mineral prospects
- Excalibur 3D targeting
- Maximising drilling to define the mineral resource at the Nkout Iron Ore project
- Deciphering structural controls in a greenstone belt in Ghana
- Project diversity and foreign interest spur SRK India’s growth and success
- Integrating structural geology for improved resource modelling
- Effective geological training and data management
- Exploring for specialty metals in Greenland
- Advanced exploration targeting: SRK’s approach
- Cheap and dirty, but essential: geological/structural mapping
- Overview of uranium exploration and the nuclear industry in Argentina
- New life for an old mine – Carmen, Chile
- Applying the box plot method
- The future of 3D modelling in consulting
- Mine Water Management
- Our perspective
- Drainage measures for ensuring the stability of the proposed cutback at Ok Tedi mine
- Designing field programs to maximise the capture of groundwater data
- Changing climate affects mine planning in South Africa
- Managing salt levels in mine water
- Water control evaluation for an iron ore project in Australia
- Collecting 3D data for dewatering of an underground uranium mine in Canada
- Hydrogeologic challenges for data collection in the field
- Impact of quarry deepening on local groundwater users
- Applying numerical groundwater modelling for mine dewatering projects around the world
- Early stage hydrogeological assessments in Central and West Africa
- Inflow water quality - Hope Bay, Nunavut
- Surface water management in the jungle of Brazil
- Mine water supply in the Middle East
- Water and chemical load balance for an underground mine in New Mexico
- Water management for closure, Nevada
- Source water protection planning
- Integrated geotechnical-hydrogeological field investigations in Sweden
- In-pit mine water control at the Grib mine in Russia
- Acid and metalliferous drainage
- Water-related environmental studies for a coal mine project in Chilean Patagonia
- Water supply: an increasing challenge in Chilean mining
- Mine water management with GoldSim in Indonesia
- Stormwater control on mines
- Managing sulfate impacts on water quality
- Integrated mine water management
- Facility Closure
- Mine and facility closure trends
- Closure of Mining Pond B at Richards Bay Minerals, South Africa
- What goes up…
- From abandoned site to community asset
- Closure north of 66°
- Land rehabilitation requirements and practices in Russia
- Using ecological risk assessment to establish closure criteria
- Rehabilitation and construction issues for Silvermines, Ireland
- A risk-based approach to tailings facility closure
- San Manuel, Arizona: from mining to reclamation
- Mine closure planning in the Chinese mining industry
- Demolition costing
- Mine closure regulation in Turkey
- Capital expenditure to reduce long term closure liability
- Reducing economic impacts from interim closure
- Soil covers for cold region mine closures
- How did the International Cyanide Code get started?
- Closure planning to comply with the International Cyanide Code
- Engineering solution to save Pacific salmon in the Tsolum River
- Using abandoned mines as field laboratories
- The Environmental Management Plan and closure planning
- Closure cost confusion
- Tailings, Heap Leach and Waste
- Anglo Platinum, Mogalakwena
- Challenges of tailings disposal in Russia and CIS countries
- Esperanza thickened tailings project
- Seepage control at the Colomac tailing containment area
- SRK leads investigation of very coarse granular materials
- Constructing water balance models using GoldSim™
- Solutions to reduce infiltration
- Penstock decant system for large tailings dams
- Numerical modelling of mineral sands
- Giroux Wash tailings impoundment
- Long term stockpiling of copper ore at Batu Hijau Mine
- Process pond modifications to mitigate groundwater elevation increase
- Tailings storage facility expansion
- Solid waste landfills
- Experience gained from tailings dam audits
- Synthetic liner pipe penetration
- New tailings impoundment feasibility design in Senegal
- Benefits of designing for closure in Nevada
- Rocks & Slope Stability
- International slope stability research
- Geotechnical characterisation
- Risk aware!!!
- 3D modelling structurally controlled weak rock masses using blockiness
- Estimating rock mass strength
- Itabirite iron ore bodies: Generic geotechnical models
- Safe and rapid development for major underground mines: Trends for the future
- Mining challenges in permafrost environments
- Shea Creek uranium project
- Integrating structural geology and geotechnics, Los Caracoles Dam
- Use of photogrammetric mapping techniques for slope stability
- Assessing geotechnical management using the Ground Blockiness Index (GBI)
- UDEC modelling
- Antamina geological modelling, Peru
- Koidu vertical pit, Sierra Leone
- Numerical analyses for evaluating pit wall and underground stability at Ok Tedi
- Blasting program optimises pit slope performance
- Economic success in underground soft rock mining
- Probabilistic stability analysis for pit slope optimisation at Jwaneng diamond mine, Botswana
- Geotechnical design considerations for mine shafts
- Geotechnical investigation for Kwatebala copper open pit, DRC
- Auditing the ground control management plan
- Rapid characterisation of slope instability using LiDAR
- Slope stability – fundamental concepts
- Weathered rock masses
- Slope design in challenging conditions at El Teniente, Chile
- Integrating structural geology and geotechnics at Venetia diamond mine
- Mining Project Evaluations
- Santa Rita project financing
- Due diligence study on a complex mining operation in Southern Africa
- Mining project evaluation in Brazil
- Environment and closure due diligence
- Palladon’s Iron Mountain project, Utah
- Technical review of a polymetallic project in East Africa
- A geological risk approach to valuing early-stage exploration projects
- Trekkopje
- Partnering with Polymetal: from IPOs to Compliance Audits for ongoing reporting
- Project evaluation course
- Due diligence in coal – do SRK clients get good value for their money?
- Re-evaluation of the base and precious metal potential south of the Kalimantan Arc
- Red Mountain gold project located in British Columbia, Canada
- El Chanate gold project, Mexico
- Independent review of world-wide exploration portfolio
- Marwa Wahau coal project–preliminary feasibility study
- Talvivaara
- SRK involvement
- Capstone Mining Corp’s Minto Mine
- Taking a holistic view in mining reviews and audits
- Growing up with a gold mine – SRK’s multi-level project support at Hycroft
- Site visit could be critical for identifying the potential fatal flaws
- Evaluating CIS projects
- Sino Gold
- Geology beyond the resource
- Kinsevere Copper Project: due diligence in the DRC
- Social Assessment, Engagement and Advice
- Big five - Tough social issues in mining
- Consultation towards a social license
- Strategies large-scale mining operations may employ in dealing with artisanal mining
- Value added through understanding the local social issues
- Tracking local skills in support of a commitment to employ locally
- Calculating resettlement costs
- The U.S. National Environmental Policy Act and Native Americans
- Stakeholder engagement: A key ingredient for project success
- Community input into Red Dog mine closure plan
- Recent SRK experiences with stakeholder engagement processes
- Stakeholders strengthen pipeline EIA
- SRK adds socio-economic value to project investments
- UK partners building skills in South African water sector
- Building early community relationships
- Enhanced social impact management
- Consultation for a major Bauxite project in Suriname, South America
- Environmental Process
- Integrating Environmental Assessment into Project Development Studies
- Challenges of Merging International and Local Requirements in Russia
- ESIAs for Marine Works
- Process for Implementing Environmental Management Systems in Chile
- SRK on the Leading Edge of Biodiversity
- Case Study from the Land Use Planning Sector, in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa
- Application of GIS in the EIA Process
- ESIA and Risk Assessment
- Assessing GHGs and Global Climate Change in EIAs
- Environmental and Safety Management Systems
- Influencing Sustainable Development Policy and Strategy in South Africa
- Suriname River Dredging Project
- Key International Initiatives Influencing Approaches to ESIA
- Promoting Compliance in Non-Compliant Markets – A Chinese Perspective
- Corporate Sustainability in a Carbon-Constrained Economy
- Focus on Uranium
- Trekkopje Definitive Feasibility Study
- Trekkopje Client Focus
- The Napperby Project in Australia
- Gamma Probe eU Data QA-QC Procedures
- Mineralogy Matters
- Grass Roots Uranium Exploration in Argentina
- Developing Uranium Processing Expertise
- Underground Uranium Scoping Study
- Uranium Exploration: the SRK Exploration Perspective
- In-Situ Recovery
- Institutional Controls on Radioactive Mine Wastes
- SOMAIR Uranium Mine Heap Leach Pad
- Pele Mountain Resources at the Elliot Lake Project
- Using JORC and CIM Guidelines for Uranium Resource Estimation
- Mineral Processing Overview
- Re-engineering the Elkon Deposit
- Characterizing the Long-term Stability and Porewater Quality of Uranium Mine Tailings
- Letlhakane Uranium Project, Botswana
- Kuriskova Uranium Project, Slovakia
- Focus on Coal
- Added Value to an Indonesian Client
- Exploration and GIS
- Griffin Coal – Geological Modeling and Resource Estimation
- Caledon’s Revolutionary Cook Colliery
- Coal Mine Dewatering
- Greenfields Coal Exploration in Southern Africa
- The Coal Team in South Africa
- Mining Prefeasibility Study for Morupule Power Station, Botswana
- Mine Planning Software in the Coal Sector
- Using Magnetic and Gravity Data in Basin and Coal-related Geology Studies
- Enterprise Risk Management at Work
- Bringing Coal Basins into Focus
- Relating Resource and Reserve Assessments to International Code Standards
- Managing Risks to Safety, Health, Environment and Sustainable Development Effectively
- Assisting an Emerging Coal Producer in Colombia
- The Russian Coal Industry
- Iron Ore
- Improving Performance through Benchmarking
- Interest in Chile’s Iron Deposits Renewed with Application of Modern Exploration Techniques
- Iron Rush
- Mining Scheduling with Geopit
- Due Diligence Review on Iron Ore Projects in China
- The Balla Balla Iron Ore Project
- SRK’s Involvement in Simandou
- Improved Water Consumption at the Sishen TSF Complex
- Iron Mineral Deposits and Projects in People’s Republic of China
- Iron Ore Prospecting in the Palaeoproterozoic Earaheedy Basin
- Cerro Nahuatl Iron Ore Mine in Colima, Mexico – A Conceptual Closure Plan
- Iron Ore exploration in South India
- Ferrexpo Poltava GOK
- Evaluating MHAG Brazil’s Mina do Bonito Operation for Noble
- Ferrexpo
- Technical Reports for Corumbá 43-101
- Focus on Geology
- SRK Structural Interpretation Assists Glencar’s Gold Discovery in Mali
- Mapping and Sampling Massive Sulfide Deposits on the Seafloor
- Probabilistic Targeting for Mesothermal Gold Mineralisation
- The Role of Remobilisation in the Formation of Nickel Sulfide Orebodies
- 3D Structural Mapping of Gold Continuity, Venezuela
- SRK’s Involvement in the DRC
- SRK Structural Modeling of the Kumtor Gold Deposit
- 3D Modeling of Structural Domains in Western Africa for Gold Fields
- Importance of Kimberlite Pipe Geometry and Kimberlite Emplacement Model
- JORC and the Chinese Resource Classification System – An SRK View
- Optimising Risk Assessment in Coal and Energy-rich Sedimentary Basins
- SRK Exploration Services – Optimistic Beginnings
- Dar es Salaam Office
- Significance of Structural Architecture in Controlling Mineralisation
- Valuation of Exploration Properties
- 3D Visualisation Techniques: New Advances and Applications
- Structural Controls on Kimberlite Geometry and Emplacement
- Building Geological Expertise for Clients in Chile
- Generating 4D Geological Maps from Regional Geophysics
- Independent Technical Reports: Adding Value
- SRK’s New Office in Kolkata
- Optimising Field Investigations
- 3D Structural Geology Modeling, Peru
- Waste Geochemistry
- Are your environmental data defensible?
- Improve reliability of post-closure water quality predictions
- New porphyry copper mine approval
- South America: Offices bring full power of SRK to their clients’ door
- Solving mining challenges in Africa & the Middle East
- In Memoriam: Ingrid Rozas Valenzuela
- The United Kingdom has thousands of abandoned metal mines
- Selective handling of wastes can reduce future treatment costs
- SRK expands its geochemical services in Australia
- SRK 30th Anniversary
Exploration Geology

Issue #47: Exploration Geology
Exploration for mineral deposits – global trends
Measuring the effectiveness of geological exploration and looking for trends that will lead to improved exploration success are key drivers for continued investment in the exploration industry. read full article…
Indonesia – exploration on the cusp of development
Mining and exploration in Indonesia present challenges that are technical, legal and social in nature. The country is currently developing regulations for its new mining law, so there is some uncertainty, albeit within a well-defined legal framework. read full article…
Structural geology collaboration results in new find for Sumitomo
In March 2010, Sumitomo Metal Mining Pogo LLC (Sumitomo) commissioned SRK Consulting Canada to undertake a structural geology interpretation of the Pogo district in central Alaska, to assist ongoing exploration targeting. read full article…
Providing expert advice to the Canahuire project in southern Peru
In August 2010, Canteras Del Hallazgo S.A.C., (CDH) a joint venture between Gold Fields Ltd. and Compania de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A., commissioned SRK Consulting Canada to provide expert structural geology advice into the exploration and resource delineation programs at the Canahuire Project in southern Peru. read full article…
More and more, geophysics is becoming an important exploration tool as companies turn their efforts towards hidden and buried deposits. However, it is vital to know the limitations of both the techniques and data when designing, implementing and interpreting the results of a geophysical program. read full article…
Rapid assessment of structural geometries for brownfield targeting, Burkina Faso
An understanding of the structural controls on zones of mineralisation is of fundamental importance for brownfield exploration efforts. The combination of field geology observational skills with new, rapid, computerised modelling tools enhances SRK’s ability to provide rapid three-dimensional answers to clients. read full article…
Target generation and grassroots exploration in Mauritania
In 2010/11 SRK Exploration Services was commissioned by Alecto Energy plc to conduct its grassroots copper/gold exploration program in Southern Mauritania. From the outset, SRK’s involvement started with visits and meetings with the Mauritanian Ministry of Mines on Alecto’s behalf. read full article…
SRK Exploration Services Ltd (SRK ES) was established in Cardiff in 2003 as a small group of like-minded exploration geologists with a view to filling a perceived gap in the consultancy market. Initially formed as a subsidiary company of SRK Consulting UK, SRK ES achieved full SRK Consulting Practice status in 2008. read full article…
Applying conceptual geometrical models in evaluating mineral prospects
Continuity of geology and grade are key traits that must be demonstrable during the process of estimating a reportable Mineral Resource. Too often, however, assay grade takes precedence in interpreting the so-called geological model, while the geology – lithology, structure and alteration – are vastly underused or even ignored during the modelling process. read full article…
Brownfield exploration poses many challenges to the geologist: large amounts of data are usually available but often difficult to integrate and use effectively; at the same time old ideas and exploration models often hamper new interpretations and the development of new targets. read full article…
Maximising drilling to define the mineral resource at the Nkout Iron Ore project
In September 2010, Afferro Mining Inc. commissioned SRK to conduct the maiden Mineral Resource Estimation (MRE) on their 100% owned greenfield Nkout Iron Ore project in Cameroon. The project is being managed by an SRK Qualified Person for iron ore projects. read full article…
Deciphering structural controls in a greenstone belt in Ghana
In March 2010, Xtra-Gold Resources Corp. commissioned SRK to conduct a structural geology analysis of their Kibi Project that aimed to provide insights to the geological and structural controls on the distribution of gold mineralisation and guide further exploration. read full article…
Project diversity and foreign interest spur SRK India’s growth and success
SRK established its Kolkata, India, presence in 2006. Since then, the office has expanded in response to client needs and an ever-growing client base. SRK India provides a range of services from auditing and competent-person reporting to exploration project advisory, drill program design, and sampling protocol implementation. read full article…
Integrating structural geology for improved resource modelling
SRK structural and resource geologists work closely with clients to deliver resource estimates that incorporate sophisticated geological and structural models. Since 2007, SRK has assisted Rainy River Resources Ltd. to develop detailed resource evaluations for the Rainy River deposit based on evolving, constrained structural models. read full article…
Effective geological training and data management
In recent years SRK Exploration Services noticed that the fast pace of modern exploration often occurs at the expense of quality data management and geological training. The current demand for experienced geologists shows little sign of abating and the need for training has never been greater. read full article…
Exploring for specialty metals in Greenland
In 2010, Ram Resources Ltd. commissioned SRK Exploration Services to assist with the review and acquisition of the Motzfeldt tantalum-niobium (Ta-Nb) project in South Greenland. read full article…
Advanced exploration targeting: SRK’s approach
SRK has a great deal of experience in assisting companies to implement minerals exploration programs from greenfields to advanced projects. The initial stage of any exploration program is targeting. read full article…
Cheap and dirty, but essential: geological/structural mapping
Having worked for SRK on a wide variety of exploration projects, I’m sad to report that geological and structural mapping continues to be a largely undervalued exploration tool in the industry. Finding a geological map in the display booths at explorer’s conferences is a bit like the industry itself: high risk – low gain! read full article…
Overview of uranium exploration and the nuclear industry in Argentina
Argentina’s long experience in the nuclear industry is evident not only in continuously generating electricity, 10% on average of Argentina’s national consumption since 1974, but also for the companies associated with the government-owned National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA) that supply nuclear reactors for research and radioisotope manufacture for the international market. read full article…
New life for an old mine – Carmen, Chile
The Carmen iron mine is located in the northern Chilean Province of Chañaral and lies approximately 50km east of the coastal port city of Chañaral. Since May, 2010, Minera Santa Fe has been producing a dry magnetite iron concentrate from old stockpiles originally derived from the open pit, idle for 40 years. read full article…
Applying the box plot method
Since footwall alteration zones are related to volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, their unique features provide likely targets for exploration. Of these, the chloritic footwall alteration pipe is the most characteristic of VMS deposits. This feature is identified geochemically by a strong relative enrichment in aluminium and magnesium, coupled with depletion in calcium and sodium, giving rise to chloritic rocks. read full article…
The future of 3D modelling in consulting
Historically, SRK has been at the forefront of developing advanced geological and mine modelling methods from the early Gemcom days until the development of Leapfrog Mining with ARANZ. read full article…
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